Friday, August 19, 2022

Sobering Reality

"Atmospheric soot loadings from nuclear weapon detonation would cause disruptions to the Earth’s climate, limiting terrestrial and aquatic food production. Here, we use climate, crop and fishery models to estimate the impacts arising from six scenarios of stratospheric soot injection, predicting the total food calories available in each nation post-war after stored food is consumed. In quantifying impacts away from target areas, we demonstrate that soot injections larger than 5 Tg would lead to mass food shortages, and livestock and aquatic food production would be unable to compensate for reduced crop output, in almost all countries. Adaptation measures such as food waste reduction would have limited impact on increasing available calories. We estimate more than 2 billion people could die from nuclear war between India and Pakistan, and more than 5 billion could die from a war between the United States and Russia—underlining the importance of global cooperation in preventing nuclear war."
Rutgers University study -- Nature Food

"The psychological impact can be greater than the actual damage."
"These [mushroom farming, indoor farming and insect protein production or microalgae foods as alternatives] don’t require as much room."
"They can be grown in your kitchen, in an underground space, and rely less on an environment exposed to nuclear war."
William Chen, food science professor, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; director government-affiliated food safety program
According to a Rutgers University-led study published in the journal Nature Food, two-thirds of the world could starve to death should a nuclear war break out between Russia and the United States. "Catastrophic" disruptions would result from nuclear conflict, leading to massive shortages of food. Sun-blocking soot and ash from the explosion would wilt crops globally, wrote the researchers.
 
In the event of even a smaller scale nuclear war between Pakistan and India, food supplies would be devastated. Global food production would be cut by seven percent in a five-year period, killing up to 2.5 billion people. In these cases food insecurity would represent a deadlier threat than the nuclear blasts, predicts the study.
 
"The data tell us one thing: We must prevent a nuclear war from ever happening", stated Alan Robock, climate scientist and coauthor of the report. Wind pattern alterations in the event of such a catastrophe could spread smoke and fire from nuclear attacks, clouding skies above major food exporters like the United States and China. The absence of sunlight would collapse harvests which could result in a 90 percent drop in animal, fishing and crop yields worldwide within four years of a conflict between major nuclear powers.
 
Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, fears of nuclear conflict have been renewed. Increased Chinese military drills near Taiwan have done their part to increase apprehension of nuclear conflict. Russian President Vladimir Putin stated his nuclear forces to be "combat ready", raising fears of possible nuclear conflict with the West, though Russian authorities later attempted to 'correct' the perception that a warning was being extended by Mr. Putin.
 
Massive military drills have been mounted around Taiwan by China, following recent U.S. lawmakers' trips to the island state, challenged by Beijing as its recoverable territory. Existing threats to food security would be compounded exponentially by nuclear war. Climate change, the war in Ukraine and the coronavirus pandemic have done their part in severely disrupting global food production. 
 
According to the World Food Program, 345 million people worldwide face food insecurity. The result of which has been that countries like India and Malaysia have taken steps to limit exports of wheat and chicken in the fear that global conflict -- irrespective of the use of nuclear weapons -- and food insecurity that would result could influence countries to limit exports or to hoard food supplies. 

Russian President Vladimir Putin visits the construction site of the National Space Agency on the premises of the Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Centre, in Moscow, Russia February 27, 2022.
 

Labels: , , , , ,

Thursday, January 06, 2022

"Kim Jong Un, you son of a b----. The people are starving to death because of you"

"To have a message such as this appear on a wall in Pyongyang will have been a shock to the authorities and to ordinary people."
Toshimitsu Shigemura, professor, Waseda University, Tokyo
North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un
North Korean Leader, Kim Jong Un, Reuters
 
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that North Korea is short 860,000 tonnes of food for the year, equivalent to approximately 2.3 months of basic foodstuffs. North Koreans report shortages of cooking oil as well. Prices for the limited supply available have risen fourfold, according to Radio Free Asia.

By law, any criticism of the ruling Kim family or of the political party that represents their dictatorship is strictly forbidden. People can be held on charges of sedition or crimes against the state if they are suspected of finding fault with the regime. The punishment is a lengthy period in one of the country's notorious prison camps for political prisoners. Should a case prove to be considered 'extreme', fitting punishment can be a death sentence.

All this results in any manner of graffiti that expresses an anti-Kim sentiment being exceedingly rare. And on the most rare of occasions instances of slogans appearing that attack the North Korean leadership may appear in remote areas of the country. In the capital Pyongyang, however, any such defiant messages are hugely unusual. Only the nation's elite are given permission to live there.

Yet the message "Kim Jong Un, you son of a b----. The people are starving to death because of you", was found written on the wall of an apartment building in the wealthy (by North Korean standards) Pyongchon district, according to the South Korean Daily NK news site. This occurred on December 22, when the ruling Workers' Party of Korea was in session.

Local leaders responded with alacrity, cordoning off the area, and the message was soon erased. But the damage was done, since there were people who had seen it and reported it to Daily NK. The Seoul-based media outlet is operated by dissidents who depend on their compatriots in North Korea to smuggle news to them; a network of undercover 'citizen reporters' located in North Korea and China.

An insider source revealed that North Korean officials are going door to door demanding handwriting samples from thousands of residents of Pyongyang in an effort to find the person responsible for the insulting graffiti targeting supreme leader Kim Jong Un. People in apartment blocks and businesses were forced to give interlocutors samples of their handwriting.

Locals were questioned on their movements on the day in question. The thousands of cameras installed throughout the city since 2011 when Kim Jong Un came to power are being inspected. The border closures linked to the pandemic and severe flooding in recent years have resulted in the impoverished country facing a serious food crisis. But this has not stopped Kim from funding ballistic rocket development and nuclear devices.

In March of 2018, a colonel in the North Korean military was found guilty of writing slogans on the April 24 House of Culture in central Pyongyang, and was publicly executed. It has been pointed out that even the wealthiest North Koreans living in the capital are increasingly experiencing food shortages.
Kim has acknowledged a 'tense' food situation that could worsen if all of the crops fail, exacerbating economic problems amid strict self-imposed border and movement restrictions that have slowed trade to a trickle. Pictured: File image of men plowing a field in North Korea in July 2017
Kim has acknowledged a 'tense' food situation that could worsen if all of the crops fail, exacerbating economic problems amid strict self-imposed border and movement restrictions that have slowed trade to a trickle. Pictured: File image of men plowing a field in North Korea in July 2017

Labels: , , , , , ,

Monday, December 20, 2021

The Desperate Plight of Afghanistan's Indigent Poor

The Desperate Plight of Afghanistan's Indigent Poor

"We need to separate the politics from the humanitarian imperative."
"The millions of women, of children, of men in the current crisis in Afghanistan are innocent people who are being condemned to a winter of absolute desperation and potentially, death."
Mary-Ellen McGroarty, director for Afghanistan, World Food Program
 
?The humanitarian crisis is escalating daily in Afghanistan. Hunger in the country has reached truly unprecedented levels."
"Nearly 23 million people—that is 55 percent of the population—are facing extreme levels of hunger, and nearly nine million of them are at risk of famine."
"One single mother that I met, she has a six-month-old baby, a 12-year-old son, a 10-year-old daughter, and two parents to look after because the husband died in the fighting. So, she has to take care of the full family…Her children go hungry. So, the two kids, the 12-year-old and the 10-year-old—they have to work."
UNHCR spokesman Babar Baloch
 
"People are impoverished here. Yesterday I saw a woman who was going through the rubbish bins at the local hotel, collecting the leftover food."
"I asked her why she was doing so and she said she didn't have any other solution, she was trying to find food for her children."
Resident of Kandahar
Street vendors push their carts in Chaman-e-Hozori park, Kabul, Afghanistan, Dec. 3 , 2021.

Women in towns and villages in southern Afghanistan bring their famished children folded into their burqas to clinics, walking long distances through a parched landscape in the process, hoping to be given medication and food for the children. Most families have been reduced to once-daily meals and even the ingredients for that sparse diet have become scarce thanks to failed harvests, dry wells and shopkeepers refusing further credit for flour.

On the brink of mass starvation aid groups fear threatens to take the lives of a million children this winter, the future for people in the country looks bleak. The dire societal problem of malnutrition has haunted the country for decades, but the current hunger crisis is dramatically worse, leaving an estimated 22 million people representing over half the population, susceptible to starvation. Life-threatening levels of food insecurity looms on the near horizon.

According to an analysis by the United Nations World Food Program and Food and Agriculture Organization, 8.7 million Afghans are facing famine, representing the most extreme stage of a food crisis. It is precisely this widespread hunger that reflects the most devastating symptom of the country's economic failure that has overtaken Afghanistan since its violent takeover by the Taliban.

Virtually overnight billions of dollars in foreign aid that had supported the previous government disappeared, while U.S. sanctions on the Taliban isolated the country from the global financial system, freezing Afghan banks and impeding reief work by humanitatian organizations. Millions of Afghans; day labourers to doctors and teachers have been months without incomes as food prices and other goods have soared.
 
People in the Afghan Village refugee camp in Islamabad live in shacks with no running water or electricity.

People in the Afghan Village refugee camp in Islamabad live in shacks with no running water or electricity. Photo: (Jared Thomas/CBC)

Malnutrition wards of overcrowded  hospitals  have taken in emaciated children and their anaemic mothers. The hospitals themselves are ill equipped, with a shortage of medical supplies once provided by donor aid. At the same time, the country is in the grip of one of the worst droughts in decades. Humanitarian groups warn that as the lives of a million children are imperilled, the United States faces mounting international pressure to ease economic restrictions on the country.

The hunger that threatens Afghanistan is reflected elsewhere, as similar situations arise around the world, driven by the pandemic, by conflict, and by climate-related events. Crisis-level food shortages face 30 percent more Afghans compared with the same period last year. "It was never this bad", head doctor Sifatullah Sifat at the Shamsui Haq clinic on Kandahar city's outskirts stated, as malnutrition cases doubled in recent months. "Donors are shipping in medicine, but it's still not enough."

"They are crying to have food", said 20-year-old Zarmina, her 18-month-old son in her arms, her 3-year-old daughter standing behind her; a family that has survived mostly on bread and tea since her husband's day labourer work dried up. "I wish I could bring them something, but we have nothing."

The international community grapples with the dilemma of what action to take to avert a human disaster in the country while bypassing the new regime in fears of giving it legitimacy through the removal of sanctions or placing funds directly into the hands of the Taliban.

A farmer sows seeds he received from FAO wheat seed distribution in Kandahar in Afghanistan.
FAO/Hashim Azizi
A farmer sows seeds he received from FAO wheat seed distribution in Kandahar in Afghanistan.

 

Labels: , , , ,

Follow @rheytah Tweet